A new effective weighted modified perturbation technique for solving a class of hypersingular integral equations

This paper is an attempt to solve an important class of hypersingular integral equations of the second kind. To this end, we apply a new weighted and modified perturbation method which includes some special cases of the Adomian decomposition method. To justify the efficiency and applicability of the proposed method, we examine some examples. The principal aspects of this method are its simplicity along with fast computations

A Review on Micro Fabrication Methods to Produce Investment Patterns of Microcasting

Microcasting is one of the key technologies enable the manufacture of small structures in the micrometer range or of larger parts carrying microstructures by using a metal melt which is cast into a microstructured mold. Microcasting, is generally identified with the investment casting process, which is known as the lost-wax, lost-mold technique. A main step in micro investment casting is making disposable patterns which have sufficient mechanical strength and dimensional accuracy. In this study a review on available microfabrication methods to produce such patterns has been down and possible processes have been compared in order to select the best process. Keywords: micro investment casting, plastic pattern, micro manufacturing technique

Chest CT Scan or RT-PCR: Which One is Appropriate for Screening of COVID-19 among the Surgical Patients in the Preoperative Period? A Case Report

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It has been a significant impact on the surgical care of the patients. There is still no consensus on elective surgeries under time epochs with national partial control of the disease. The objective is to report the clinical course of the surgical patient who was eventually diagnosed with COVID-19 despite preoperative screening. A 69 years old woman was referred to the surgical ward for elective low anterior resection (LAR). The complete preoperative workup was performed with acceptable results. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of SARS-COV-2 was not performed because the patient was asymptomatic and the surgical procedure was scheduled during the time of country's partial pandemic control; the nadir of the curve in daily reported COVID-19 patients. Following the surgery, the patient’s clinical status was stable for about 8 hours; however, the patient became anuric and hypotensive, receiving a variety of treatments for a list of differential diagnosis, including fresh lung CT scan and RT-PCR test; both of the latter were positive for COVID-19. Despite COVID-19 management and respiratory support, the patient died on day 15 of hospitalization. It seems that postponing elective surgeries if possible and general screening with RT-PCR in situations where delay in surgeries is not possible, are rationale strategies for surgical management of the patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, even when daily situation of the pandemic seems stable

Clinical Evaluation Tool for Operating Room Students: Development and Measurement of Reliability and Validity

Introduction: In order to ensure the achievement of goals in clinical training, having the right tool with good reliability and validity is essential. Given the fact that no proper tool has ever been developed for evaluation of operating room students, this study aimed to develop and measure the validity and reliability of the evaluation tool for these students. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in 2014 in Birjand University of Medical Sciences. After defining the concepts and behaviors to be measured using interviews and review of relevant literatures, the primary tool was developed and its face validity and content validity were verified both qualitatively and quantitatively (using experts’ opinions, CVR, and CVI). The reliability was calculated through interclass reliability and Cronbach’s alpha. Results: The final tool consisted of 62 items in 7 different subscales (professional characteristics, communication, examining the patient, training patients and families, submitting reports, clients’ safety, and clinical competence). The content validity index of the whole questionnaire was 0.84 and content validity ratio for each item was reported 0.62 and higher. With a sample size of 28 students, Cronbach's alpha of the whole questionnaire was 0.82. Also, interclass reliability was 0.45. Conclusion: The results indicated that the developed tool has adequate reliability and validity and that it can be used as a tool for clinical evaluation of operating room students

Predicting Moral Distress Through the Dimensions of Psychological Empowerment in Nurses

AbstractIntroduction: Moral distress is an important challenge among critical care nurses. psychological empowerment can pave the ground for proper moral performance and prevention of moral distress among nurses. This study aimed to predicting moral distress through the dimensions of psychological empowerment in nurses.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional and analytical study carried out in 2018. For this purpose, 190 nurses were selected by convenience sampling from the critical care units in Southern Khorasan Province, Iran. Data were collected using Corli's Moral Distress Questionnaire and Spreitzer's Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire. Data were analyzed in IBM SPSS ver. 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Finding showed that moral distress intensity was (4.8±0.51) and negatively correlated whit psychological empowerment (P=0.03, r=-0.5). Moral distress frequency was (5.2± 0.56). The psychological empowerment was (4.1± 0.44). The results of the multiple regression indicated that 2 % variation of moral distress intensity explained by psychological empowerment (ADJ.R2:0.238). Among these dimensions, three dimensions meaning, competence and self-determination significantly predict the intensity of moral distress (R2=0.25, P< 0.05). Moral distress correlated with age, working experience, and type of the ward (P<0.05).Conclusions: Nurses with a greater psychological empowerment showed less intensified symptoms of distress where they were able to perform morally proper action

Residents' attitudes and support for tourism development in Bistoon, Iran

Community support for tourism is essential for successful tourism development. Presently, tourism managers are giving due recognition and appreciation to the local communities for their role in sustaining these destinations as tourist attractions. Although residents’ support for tourism has been examined in previous studies, elements which affect residents' support for tourism have not been thoroughly identified. This research has attempted to identify elements which affect residents’ support for tourism development. Based on social exchange theory and previous findings, this study proposed a series of hypotheses and developed a theoretical model of residents' support for tourism development. This study is based on a selfadministered survey, hand-delivered to residents of Bistoon. Bistoon, a historical city is one of the popular tourist destinations in Iran and it is on the UNESCO list of world heritage sites. Structural equation modelling approach was used to analyse the data. The final model shows the relationships between elements of successful tourism. The findings from the data analysis revealed that ecocentric attitudes, community concern and social identity affect residents' perceptions of tourism impacts. The impacts, include economic, social, and environmental benefits and costs. In addition, the residents' perceptions of tourism benefits in relation to economic, social, and environmental benefits affect their support for tourism development. The model developed in this research provides a theoretical basis to study residents’ attitudes and support for tourism development. It is recommended that tourism planners collect information about the elements based on the model as these could be used to develop appropriate strategies addressing the tourism related issues raised by the local communities

Impact of computer game and computer assisted type instruction on inattention and impulsivity of children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

زمینه و هدف: بهبود کاهش توجه و تکانشگری مبتلایان به اختلال نقص توجه- بیش فعالی یکی از مهمترین اهداف درمان این بیماران و از دشوارترین مسائل بالینی در آنها محسوب می شود. مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه تأثیر بازی های کامپیوتری و آموزش تایپ کامپیوتری بر توجه و تکانشگری در کودکان مبتلا با اختلال نقص توجه- بیش فعالی انجام گرفت. روش بررسی: در این تحقیق که به صورت کارآزمایی بالینی یک سوکور انجام شد، 37 کودک دبستانی مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه- بیش فعالی به دو گروه وارد شدند. گروه 1 (17 نفر) 8 جلسه یک ساعته به مدت یک ماه بازی کامپیوتری انجام دادند، گروه 2 (20 نفر) طی یک ماه تحت هشت جلسه یک ساعته آموزش تایپ کامپیوتری قرار گرفتند و با استفاده از تست عملکرد مداوم شامل بی توجهی (خطای حذف)، تکانشگری (خطای ارتکاب و زمان واکنش) و زمان واکنش قبل و پس از مداخله مقایسه شدند و نتایج با استفاده از آزمون های آماری مجذور کا، t مستقل و t جفت تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. یافته ها: دو گروه از نظر سن، مقطع تحصیلی، جنس، بهره هوشی، داروهای مصرفی، نمرات پرسشنامه کانرز والدین و معلمین، دارا بودن کامپیوتر در منزل و سابقه کار با کامپیوتر همسان بودند. تفاوت تعداد خطای ارتکاب قبل و پس از مداخله در گروه اول معنی دار نبود، اما در گروه دوم، پس از مداخله (44/20±64/11) در مقایسه با قبل از مداخله (18/10±10/14) کاهش معنی داری را نشان داد (05/0

Estimation of Organ-Absorbed Doses in Human from Gamma Rays of 99mTc-DTPA Radiopharmaceutical, Using the Animal Dissection Data

Introduction: Scintigraphy of renal system with radiopharmaceuticals extracts provides us with essential information as to assist the diagnosis and management of patients. In this research, effective doses of human’s organs due to gamma-rays of 99mTc-DTPA are estimated using the animal dissection data.Materials and Methods: In this study, the human absorbed and effective doses from 99mTc-DTPA are obtained from animal organs data, using medical internal radiation dosimetry (MIRD) method and MCNP simulation code. In each stage, three mice were injected and sacrificed, and then their organs were dissected and counted by well detector. Results: The results of MIRD and MCNP simulation code indicated that the two mentioned methods are in agreement. Also, kidney (1.23E-03mGy/MBq), spleen (2.81E-03 mGy/MBq) and heart (2.75E-03 mGy/MBq) absorbed the most gamma dose compared to the other organs.Conclusion: According to the results and comparison with ICRP data, animal dissection model can be a useful tool for internal absorbed dose estimation of renal radiopharmaceuticals.